English name: PROCAINE
CAS No.: 59-46-1
Molecular formula: C13H20N2O2
Molecular weight: 236.31
EINECS number: 200-426-9
Melting point 61°
Boiling point 378.78 ° C (rough estimate)
Uses Local anesthetics. Its toxicity is low and its effect is fast and safe. It is suitable for local anesthesia and is used in eye, ear, nose and tooth surgery for infiltration anesthesia, conduction anesthesia and closure therapy. This product is also used to produce procaine penicillin.
Procaine is an anesthetic agent indicated for production of local or regional anesthesia, particularly for oral surgery. Procaine has the advantage of constricting blood vessels which reduces bleeding, unlike other local anesthetics like lidocaine. Procaine is an ester anesthetic. It is metabolized in the plasma by the enzyme pseudocholinesterase through hydrolysis into para-aminobenzoic acid , which is then excreted by the kidneys into the urine.
Procaine acts mainly by inhibiting sodium influx through voltage gated sodium channels in the neuronal cell membrane of peripheral nerves. When the influx of sodium is interrupted, an action potential cannot arise and signal conduction is thus inhibited. The receptor site is thought to be located at the cytoplasmic (inner) portion of the sodium channel. Procaine has also been shown to bind or antagonize the function of N-methyl-D-aspartat receptors as well as nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the serotonin receptor-ion channel complex.
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